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Working Paper
The purpose of this study is to investigate three aspects of construct validity for the Mathematical Quality of Instruction classroom observation instrument: (1) the dimensionality of scores, (2) the generalizability of these scores across districts, and...
Education agencies are evaluating teachers using student achievement data. However, very little is known about the comparability of test-based or "value-added" metrics across districts and the extent to which they capture variability in classroom...
Researchers have identified many characteristics of teachers and teaching that contribute to student outcomes. However, most studies investigate only a small number of these characteristics, likely underestimating the overall contribution. In this paper...
As many states are slated to soon use scores derived from classroom observation instruments in high-stakes decisions, developers must cultivate methods for improving the functioning of these instruments. We show how multidimensional, multilevel item...
2024
Since the beginning of the War on Poverty, social scientists have been investigating the link between unequal school spending and gaps in achievement by race and income (see, e.g., Coleman et al., 1966; Handel & Hanushek 2023; Jackson & Mackevicius 2024)...
Community colleges (CCs) play a vital role in the United States' higher education landscape, as gateways to four-year universities as well as offering career-focused degree and certificate programs tailored to specific vocational fields. A decline in...
Despite the lack of improvement during 2022-23 on assessments provided by NWEA and Curriculum Associates, we find that student achievement did improve between Spring 2022 and Spring 2023: in fact, students recovered approximately one-third of the...
By 2031, 72 percent of jobs in the United States require some form of postsecondary education. Given the demand for college-educated workers, it is crucial to address the gap between the current number of qualified young adults and the anticipated...